In some electronic publications, you can often see articles about self-made PCB experience written by yourself. Before this, I also hand-made many single-sided PCB boards. Now I will summarize a set of methods to share with you, and everyone will study together.

　　The PCB is best done in a 1:1 ratio steps:

　　Pattern element distribution: Paste a piece of paper the size of a PCB on a foam board larger than the PCB, arrange the devices one by one in the box according to the circuit diagram, and adjust the position of the devices repeatedly until they are satisfied.

　　Illustration: Draw 11 printed boards and line diagrams according to the arrangement direction of the designed foam board. After that, copy it on the cleaned copper plate. If it is a double-sided wiring, you need to use the double-sided positioning copy method to avoid mistakes, copy one side first, then punch the positioning holes, and then connect the lines according to the positioning holes.

　　Artboard: Use a dipping pen to hold down the copy of the black color paint on the board.

　　Corrosion: Mix one part of ferric chloride with two parts of water to make a solution of ferric chloride -- the corrosive solution, which is poured into a plastic container. Place the traced copper foil in the etching solution. In order to accelerate the corrosion rate, the concentration of ferric chloride can be appropriately increased. If the weather is cold, the solution can be properly heated, but the maximum heating temperature should be controlled within (40°50)°C, otherwise the protective coating on the board will be easily damaged. When the copper foil is completely corroded, take out the circuit board, wash it with water to protect the paint film, then wash it with water and dry it, and then apply rosin for welding. Several other methods exist in production practice.

　　Knife cutting: Assuming that the collector of the triode and the capacitor are joined together, as long as an independent island-shaped pad is cut with a knife on the node Q, the contact surface of the remaining area is formed. The circuit board made by the knife engraving method has a large grounding area, a compact layout, and a small distribution parameter, especially for high-frequency circuits.

　　Veneer sticking method: The floor plan designed with Protel software is printed to the computer by pressing 11 with a laser printer. The engraving software is scanned with a scanner and the processing is converted into graphics recognized by the engraving machine. From the engraving machine to the immediate pasting, the engraved ones are immediately pasted on the PCB to remove the useless parts, placed in the ferric chloride solution to corrode the excess copper foil, and then washed with water. It ended up costing a few bucks for drill bits, covering flux, etc., and a circuit board was quickly made.

　　Writing method: The oil-based writing pen is insoluble in ferric chloride solution and insoluble in water. So you can trace the number on the CCL very carefully. It is best to paint twice to ensure that the pen oil is not washed away by the ferric chloride solution. When using a stylus to draw, if there is a problem with the line and needs to be modified, it can be erased with alcohol or letter water. It is also good to use writing correction fluid instead of blending paint to draw lines on the printing layout. Directly using the correction fluid bottle and its pointed bottle mouth to draw lines can draw thin lines of 0~5mm. When corroding, be careful not to splash the corrosive liquid on your body or other objects, and do not pour the used solution into the drain or sprinkle it on the ground to avoid polluting the environment.

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