source:Industry News release time:2024-04-22 Article author:yu Popular:pcb
The safety distance of a PCB is closely related to voltage. Generally, the safety distance of a PCB refers to the minimum distance between the two closest components or wires on the PCB. The size of this distance depends on multiple factors, including but not limited to:
Voltage level. For high-voltage circuits, the safety distance will increase with the increase of voltage. For example, according to the standards of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the safety distance of a typical PCB should be twice the working voltage. If the working voltage of the PCB is 220V, then the safety distance should be 440V.
Insulation materials and insulation level. Different insulation materials and grades provide different insulation performance and voltage resistance, thereby affecting the selection of safe distance.
Environmental conditions. Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity also need to be considered. In high temperature or humid environments, the safety distance of PCBs needs to be appropriately increased.
Circuit type. Different types of circuits have different requirements for safe distance. For example, high-voltage circuits require a larger safety distance to prevent arc discharge, while low-voltage and high-frequency circuits may require a smaller safety distance.
In addition, the wiring spacing is also affected by factors such as dielectric constant, material thickness, surface contamination, and temperature. For example, the larger the dielectric constant, the smaller the density of the electric field, which may require a longer voltage creep distance; The thicker the material, the longer the voltage creep distance may also be; Surface pollution can lead to a shorter voltage creep distance; An increase in temperature will affect the conductivity of the material, thereby affecting the possibility of current flowing on the non-conductive layer. Therefore, in PCB design, it is necessary to determine the appropriate safety distance based on actual application scenarios and circuit characteristics, combined with relevant international standards and practical experience.
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