PCB design multilayer circuit board lamination technology

　　With the rapid development of electronic technology, it has promoted the continuous development of printed circuit board technology. PCB boards have progressed through single-sided, double-sided, and multi-layer development, and the proportion of PCB multi-layer boards is increasing year by year. PCB multi-layer boards are also developing towards the extremes of high, fine, dense, fine, large and small. An important process in PCB multilayer board manufacturing is lamination. The control of lamination quality becomes more and more important in multilayer board manufacturing. Therefore, in order to ensure the quality of PCB multi-layer board lamination, it is necessary to have a better understanding of the PCB multi-layer board lamination process.

　　PCB multilayer board/circuit board

　　1. Design an inner core board that meets the requirements of lamination

　　Due to the gradual development of laminating machine technology, the heat press has changed from the previous non-vacuum heat press to the current vacuum heat press. The heat pressing process is in a closed system, which is invisible and intangible. Therefore, a reasonable design of the PCB inner layer board is required before lamination. Here are some reference requirements:

　　1. There must be a certain distance between the external dimensions of the core board and the effective unit, that is, the distance between the effective unit and the edge of the PCB should be as large as possible without wasting material. Generally, the distance between the four-layer board is required. More than 10mm, the six-layer board requires a spacing greater than 15mm, the higher the number of layers, the greater the spacing.

　　2. The inner core board of the PCB circuit board requires no open, short, open circuit, no oxidation, clean board surface, and no residual film.

　　3. The thickness of the core board should be selected according to the total thickness of the PCB multi-layer board. The thickness of the core board is consistent, the deviation is small, and the latitude and longitude directions of the blanking are consistent, especially for the PCB multi-layer boards with more than 6 layers. Consistent, that is, the warp direction overlaps the warp direction, and the weft direction overlaps the weft direction to prevent unnecessary board bending.

　　4. The design of positioning holes, in order to reduce the deviation between the layers of the PCB multi-layer board, so it is necessary to pay attention to the design of the positioning holes of the PCB multi-layer board: the 4-layer board only needs to design more than 3 positioning holes for drilling. . In addition to the positioning holes for drilling, the multi-layer PCB circuit boards with more than 6 layers need to be designed with more than 5 layer and layer overlapping positioning rivet holes and more than 5 tool board positioning holes for rivets. However, the designed positioning holes, rivet holes, and tool holes are generally higher in the number of layers, and the number of designed holes should be correspondingly larger, and the position should be as close to the side as possible. The main purpose is to reduce the layer-to-layer alignment deviation and leave a larger space for production. The target shape is designed to meet the requirements of the shooting machine to automatically identify the target shape as much as possible, and the general design is a complete circle or concentric circle.

　　Second, to meet the requirements of PCB circuit board users, select the appropriate PP and CU foil configuration

　　Customers’ requirements for PP are mainly manifested in the requirements of dielectric layer thickness, dielectric constant, characteristic impedance, withstand voltage, and smoothness of the laminate surface. Therefore, when choosing PP, you can choose according to the following aspects:

　　1, can ensure the bonding strength and smooth appearance;

　　2, Resin can fill the gaps of the printed wires during lamination;

　　3, can provide the necessary dielectric layer thickness for the PCB multilayer board;

　　4, can fully remove the air and volatile matter between the laminations during lamination;

　　5, CU foil is mainly configured with different models according to the requirements of PCB circuit board users, and the quality of CU foil conforms to IPC standards.

　　Three, inner core board processing technology

　　When the PCB multilayer board is laminated, the inner core board needs to be processed. The treatment process of the inner layer board includes a black oxidation treatment process and a browning treatment process. The oxidation treatment process is to form a black oxide film on the inner copper foil, and the thickness of the black oxide film is 0.25-4).50mg/cm2. The browning process (horizontal browning) is to form an organic film on the inner copper foil. The functions of the inner layer board treatment process are:

　　1, increase the specific surface of the inner layer of copper foil in contact with the resin, so that the bonding force between the two is enhanced;

　　2, the multilayer circuit board can improve the acid resistance and prevent the pink circle in the wet process process;

　　3, block the decomposition of the curing agent dicyandiamide in the liquid resin at high temperatures-the effect of moisture on the copper surface;

　　4. Increase the effective wettability of the molten resin to the copper foil when the molten resin flows, so that the flowing resin has sufficient capacity to stretch into the oxide film, and show a strong grip after curing.

　　Multilayer circuit board

　　Fourth, organic matching of lamination parameters

　　The control of PCB multi-layer board lamination parameters mainly refers to the organic matching of lamination "temperature, pressure, and time".

　　1, temperature

　　Several temperature parameters are more important in the lamination process. That is, the melting temperature of the resin, the curing temperature of the resin, the set temperature of the hot plate, the actual temperature of the material, and the rate of temperature increase. The melting temperature is when the temperature rises to 70°C, the resin starts to melt. It is because of the further increase in temperature that the resin further melts and starts to flow. During the period of temperature 70-140℃, the resin is easy to fluid. It is precisely because of the fluidity of the resin that the filling and wetting of the resin can be ensured. As the temperature gradually rises, the fluidity of the resin goes from small to large, then to small, and finally when the temperature reaches 160-170°C, the fluidity of the resin is 0, and the temperature at this time is called the curing temperature.

　　In order to make the resin better fill and wet, it is very important to control the heating rate. The heating rate is the embodiment of the lamination temperature, that is, to control when the temperature rises to how high. The control of the heating rate is an important parameter for the quality of PCB multilayer laminates, and the heating rate is generally controlled at 2-4°C/MIN. The heating rate is closely related to the different types and quantities of PP.

　　For 7628PP, the heating rate can be faster, that is, 2-4°C/min. For 1080 and 2116PP, the heating rate can be controlled at 1.5-2°C/MIN. At the same time, the quantity of PP is large, and the heating rate cannot be too fast. Because the heating rate is too fast, the PP will wet. Poor performance, high resin fluidity, short time, easy to cause sliding, affecting the quality of the laminate. The temperature of the hot plate mainly depends on the heat transfer of the steel plate, steel plate, corrugated paper, etc., generally 180-200°C.

　　2, pressure

　　PCB multilayer laminate pressure is based on whether the resin can fill the voids between layers and exhaust interlayer gases and volatiles as the basic principle. Since the hot press is divided into a non-vacuum press and a vacuum hot press, there are several ways to start from the pressure: one-stage pressurization, two-stage pressurization and multi-stage pressurization. Generally, non-vacuum presses use general pressurization and two-stage pressurization. The vacuum machine adopts two-stage pressurization and multi-stage pressurization. Multi-stage compression is usually used for high, fine and fine multilayer boards. The pressure is generally determined according to the pressure parameters provided by the PP supplier, generally 15-35kg/cm2.

　　3. Time

　　Time parameters are mainly the control of the timing of lamination and press, the control of the timing of temperature rise, and the gel time. For two-stage lamination and multi-stage lamination, controlling the timing of the main pressure and determining the transition time from the initial pressure to the main pressure is the key to controlling the quality of the lamination. If the main pressure is applied too early, the resin will be extruded, too much glue will flow, and the laminate will lack glue, the board will be thin, and even the skateboard will be undesirable. If the main pressure is applied too late, it will cause defects such as weak, void, or air bubbles in the lamination bonding interface.

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